Post‐mortem ablation of the heart: a medieval funerary practice. A case observed at the cemetery of Ganagobie Priory in the French Department of Alpes de Haute Provence
Identifieur interne : 000059 ( France/Analysis ); précédent : 000058; suivant : 000060Post‐mortem ablation of the heart: a medieval funerary practice. A case observed at the cemetery of Ganagobie Priory in the French Department of Alpes de Haute Provence
Auteurs : B. Mafart [France] ; J. Pelletier [France] ; M. Fixot [France]Source :
- International Journal of Osteoarchaeology [ 1047-482X ] ; 2004-01.
English descriptors
- Entity :
- org : ABSTRACT Department of Anthropology, University of Mediterranee, Marseille, France Laboratory of Mediterranean Medieval Archeology, Aix, Anonymous, France, England and Germany, French Department of the Alpes, Italy and Northern Europe, Sons, Ltd, Sons, Ltd., University of Mediterranee.
- pers : B. Mafart, Claude Navarro, Drawing, German Custom, Haute Provence, J. Osteoarchaeol, James Douglas, John Wiley, King Baudoin, King Charles, King John, King Philip, M. Fixot, P. Pelletier, Pierre Dramard, Queen Anne, Valerie Spanu.
- place : Basel, Egypt, Europe, France, German Empire, Hildesheim, Italy, Jerusalem, Limoges, Marseille, Nantes, Narbonne, Nottingham, Paris, Perpignan, Portugal, Reading, Rome, Rouen, Scotland, St Denis, Switzerland, Tunis, Vincennes, Worcester.
- Teeft :
- Ablation, Arrow shot, Boniface viii, Burial place, Copyright, Diagonal downward, First blow, French department, French revolution, Funerary, Funerary practice, Ganagobie priory, High place, Human body, Human evolution, International journal, James douglas, John wiley son, King baudoin, King john, Macnair scott, Median sternotomy, Medieval ablation, Medieval funerary practice, Melrose abbey, Metal arrowhead, Middle age, Northern europe, Osteoarchaeol, Pope boniface viii, Posterior aspect, Right side, Skeleton, Skull, Sternum, Up edge, Viscera, Xyphoid process.
Abstract
The skeletal remains of a medieval warrior were found in an 11th century tomb in the church of Ganagobie Priory in the French Department of Alpes de Haute Provence. Examination revealed evidence of multiple injuries including an arrow in the thorax, several sword blows, and a fractured sternum. The chest had been opened probably to allow removal of the heart after the last fatal blow to the skull. Post‐mortem ablation of the heart was a widespread medieval funerary practice among elite classes in northern Europe. Numerous cases have been described involving British and French royalty. The practice was based on a mystical Middle Age belief that the heart was the spiritual and moral centre. After ablation, the heart was buried separately in a high place of holy worship where the living could pray for the salvation of deceased's soul. The rest of the body was sometimes dismembered and boiled to keep only the skeleton. Pope Boniface VIII forbade body boiling in 1299. In France the practice of removing and burying the heart in a sacred worship place continued among royalty, noblemen, and ecclesiastics until the Revolution of 1789. A few cases were reported into the 19th century. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Url:
DOI: 10.1002/oa.692
Affiliations:
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